Pop Art
In the late 1950’s, the term of Pop Art was coined by Lawrence Alloway. Pop Art was marked with popular culture which reflected the affluence in post-war society. At first, it was prominent in American art and soon spread to Britain. British Pop art was associated with the Independent Group which included artists Richard Hamilton and Eduardo Paolozzi. Richard Hamilton is one of the best known Pop artists.
In celebrating everyday objects such as soup cans, comic strips and soda pop bottles, the movement turned the commonplace into icons. Then, Pop Art reached its peak in the 1960’s.
Pop Art mocks the established art world by using images from the street, the supermarket, and presents it as art in itself. Pop art paintings don't use the traditional techniques of perspective to create an illusion of reality and location in the painting.
By including commercial techniques, and creating slick, the Pop artists were setting themselves apart from the painterly, inward-looking tendencies of the Abstract Expressionist movement that immediately preceded them.
Source from https://pccdn.perfectchannel.com/christies/live/images/item/101/original/NYR_2805_0005.jpg
Andy Warho was the one who really brought Pop Art to the public eye. His screen prints of Coke bottles, Campbell’s soup tins and film stars are part of the iconography of the 20th century.
Op Art (Optical Art)
Op Art is a form of abstract art and is closely connected to the Kinetic and Constructivist Art movements. It used to describe paintings or sculptures which seem to swell and vibrate through their use of optical effects.
Normally, it exists to fool the public’s eyes by creating a sort of visual tension, in the viewer's mind, that gives works the illusion of movement. Op Art which included of illusion will often appears to the human eye - to be moving or breathing due to its precise, mathematically-based composition.
The movement’s leading figures were Bridget Riley and Victor Vasarely who used patterns and colours in their paintings to achieve a disorientating effect on the viewer.
It was fashionable in the United States and Europe in the 1960s and 1970s but was greeted with a certain degree of scepticism by the critics.
The public became enraptured with Op Art and its style was appropriated by fashion designers and high street stores after ‘The Responsive Eye’ exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1965.
As a result, Op Art started in showing up everywhere, for example, in print and television advertising, as LP album art and as a fashion motif in clothing and interior decoration.
References
Boddy-Evans, M. (n.d.). What is Pop Art -- Art Glossary Definition. About.com Painting -- Learn to Paint & Develop Your Art Skills with Free Projects, Demos, How-Tos. Retrieved June 15, 2013, from http://painting.about.com/od/artglossaryp/g/defpopart.htmPop Art definition. (n.d.). High quality art prints & limited edition art with free delivery. Retrieved June 15, 2013, from http://www.artrepublic.com/art_terms/17-pop-art.html
Pop Art . (n.d.). Art Movements . Retrieved June 15, 2013, from http://www.artmovements.co.uk/popart.htm
Category. (n.d.). Op Art - Art History Basics on the Op Art Movement - 1960s-Present. Art History Resources for Students, Enthusiasts, Artists and Educators - Artist Biographies - Art Timelines - Images and Picture Galleries. Retrieved June 15, 2013, from http://arthistory.about.com/cs/arthistory10one/a/op_art.htm
Op-Art.co.uk | Op Art. (n.d.). Op-Art.co.uk | Op Art. Retrieved June 15, 2013, from http://www.op-art.co.uk/
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